Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM), another name for vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA), is a prevalent illness that affects a lot of women, especially during and after menopause. The decrease in estrogen levels causes the vaginal walls to shrink, dry up, and inflame, which is why it happens. A woman's quality of life may be greatly impacted by a range of bothersome symptoms that may arise from this. The severity of vulvovaginal atrophy symptoms can vary and may include: One of the most prevalent symptoms is vaginal dryness, which can lead to burning, itching, and a tightness or discomfort in the vagina, particularly during sexual activity. Dyspareunia, or painful intercourse, is a condition where the vaginal tissues weaken and cause pain during sexual activity. Both the woman and her boyfriend may experience a decline in sexual desire and intimacy as a result of this. Vaginal burning or irritation: Even in the absence of sexual activity, women with VVA may have a persistent burning or irritating sensation in the vaginal area. urine symptoms: VVA can also impact the urine tract, resulting in heightened frequency, urgency, and incontinence in certain situations. Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs): Women are more vulnerable to UTIs due to changes in the vaginal environment, which can further worsen pain and discomfort. The goals of vulvovaginal atrophy treatment are to lessen symptoms and enhance vaginal health. Choices consist of: Topical estrogen therapy: To assist repair the health of the vaginal tissue, estrogen creams, tablets, or rings can be applied directly to the vagina. In general, these therapies are successful and safe. Non-hormonal treatments: Vaginal lubricants and moisturizers are examples of non-hormonal choices for women who cannot or would not like to use estrogen therapy. These items have the potential to alleviate pain and dryness. Systemic estrogen therapy: If a woman is exhibiting additional menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes and night sweats, systemic hormone therapy (HT) may be advised in some circumstances. But before using systemic HT, one should carefully weigh the advantages and disadvantages. Simple lifestyle adjustments like using gentle cleansers, avoiding perfumed goods in the vaginal area, and wearing cotton underwear can help manage symptoms. It's critical that women who exhibit vulvovaginal atrophy symptoms consult with their medical professionals. Comfort, sexual function, and general quality of life can all be significantly enhanced with a correct diagnosis and customized treatment strategy.
